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Mapping a nation of regional clusters

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      Are you interested in learning more about clusters and conducting action-oriented research? Then follow our Academic or Researcher path.

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  • Cluster
    • Data by Cluster

      A cluster is a regional concentration of related industries that arise out of the various types of linkages or externalities that span across industries in a particular location. The U.S. Benchmark Cluster Definitions are designed to enable systemic comparison across regions. View and compare clusters across the U.S.

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    • Frequently Asked Questions

      How do I compare different clusters on a national level?

      How do I find my region’s strongest cluster(s)?

      How do I identify which cluster my industry belongs in?

      How do I compare local vs traded clusters?

      Are there overlaps between the clusters?

  • Region
    • Data by Region

      A region is broadly defined as a county, economic area (EA), metro/micropolitan statistical area (MSA), or state. The U.S. Benchmark Cluster Definitions use the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis defined economic areas. View and compare regions across the U.S.

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    • Frequently Asked Questions

      How do I compare different regions?

      How do I build a region to meet my needs?

      How is my region doing, especially in comparison to its peer regions?

      How do I find subregions related to my region?

      How do I use the map view to visualize economic data across the country?

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    • Community

      The Community of Practice enables practitioners to share Resources, post Blogs, and find partner Organizations. View and contribute content of interest to the cluster based economic development community.

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Harvard Business School U.S. Economic Development Administration
Academic Research

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Academic Research

Cluster Policy: A Guide to the State of Debate

by Christian Ketels, Journal of the Knowledge Economy November 15, 2013

This research paper focuses on the increasing interest of economic geography in explaining differences in prosperity levels across locations. It discusses the current state of the academic debate on cluster policy, providing an extensive review of the rapidly growing research. The first part of the article summarizes key findings about the existence and impact of clusters, while the second part addresses the issue of cluster policy itself.

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Academic Research

Location, Competition, and Economic Development: Local Clusters in a Global Economy

by Michael E. Porter, Economic Development Quarterly November 15, 2013

Economic geography during an era of global competition involves a paradox. It is widely recognized that changes in technology and competition have diminished many of the traditional roles of location. Yet clusters, or geographic concentrations of interconnected companies, are a striking feature of virtually every national, regional, state, and even metropolitan economy, especially in more advanced nations. The prevalence of clusters reveals important insights about the microeconomics of competition and the role of location in competitive advantage.

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Academic Research

Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance

by Mercedes Delgado, Michael E. Porter, and Scott Stern, National Bureau of Economic Research November 15, 2013

This paper evaluates the role of regional cluster composition in the economic performance of industries, clusters and regions. On the one hand, diminishing returns to specialization in a location can result in a convergence effect: the growth rate of an industry within a region may be declining in the level of activity of that industry.

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Academic Research

From clusters to cluster-based economic development

by Christian H.M. Ketels, International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development November 15, 2013

Over the last decades, changes in the global economy and the emergence of Global Value Chains (GVCs) have raised interest in understanding the specific conditions and cross-company interactions within and across locations. For companies, the need to choose the right location for specific activities has moved from an operational to a strategic issue. For countries, regions and cities, competition raised the stakes of understanding how to improve productivity and attract firms in specific fields beyond providing low factor costs and subsidies.

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Entrepreneurship and Innovation
Academic Research

Clusters and Entrepreneurship

by Mercedes Delgado, Michael E. Porter, and Scott Stern, U.S. Census Bureau Center for Economic Studies November 15, 2013

This paper examines the role of regional clusters in regional entrepreneurship, focusing on the distinct influences of convergence and agglomeration on growth in number of start-ups, as well as employment in such new firms in a given region-industry. While reversion to the mean and diminishing returns to entrepreneurship at the region-industry level can result in a convergence effect, the presence of complementary economic activity creates externalities that enhance incentives and reduce barriers for new business creation.

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Academic Research

The Development of the Cluster Concept - Present Experiences and Further Developments

by Christian H. M. KetelsNovember 15, 2013

Increasing interest in clusters among researchers and economists is only one aspect of a new approach to economic research and policy, one that supplements the macroeconomic and legal conditions necessary to achieve economic progress with microeconomic foundations. This report presents an overview of the current research on cluster-based economic development. First, it looks at key conceptual foundations of the cluster approach: the definition of clusters, different types of clusters, economic benefits that clusters provide, and factors that influence cluster performance.

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Academic Research

The Economic Performance of Regions

by Michael E. Porter, Regional Studies November 15, 2013

This paper examines the regional economic performance, composition of regional economies, and role of clusters in the U.S. economy from 1990 to 2000. 

The performance of regional economies varies markedly in terms of wage, wage growth, employment growth and patenting rate. Based on distribution of economic activity across geography, the paper classifies U.S. industries into traded, local, and resource-dependent categories. Traded industries account for only about one-third of employment, but register much higher wages and rates of innovation and influence local wages. 

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The U.S. Cluster Mapping Project is led by Professor Michael E. Porter at the Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness, Harvard Business School.

This project is funded by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Economic Development Administration.